#Vile vortices snopes series#

Bandits and marauding highwaymen preyed upon these Christian pilgrims, who were routinely slaughtered, sometimes by the hundreds, as they attempted to make the journey from the coastline at Jaffa through to the interior of the Holy Land. Although the city of Jerusalem was relatively secure under Christian control, the rest of Outremer was not. The abrupt reduction in power of a significant group in European society gave rise to speculation, legend, and legacy through the ages.Contents1 History1.1 Rise1.2 Decline1.3 Arrests, charges and dissolution1.4 Chinon Parchment2 Organization2.1 Ranks within the order2.1.1 Three main ranks2.1.2 Grand Masters2.2 Conduct, costume and beards3 Legacењ“.1 Modern organizations3.1.1 Order of Christ3.1.2 Temperance movement3.1.3 Self-styled orders3.1.4 Freemasonrењ“.2 Modern popular culture4 See also5 References6 Further reading7 External linksHistoryMain article: History of the Knights TemplarRiseAfter Europeans in the First Crusade captured Jerusalem in 1099, many Christians made pilgrimages to various sacred sites in the Holy Land. Pope Clement V disbanded the order in 1312 under pressure from King Philip. In 1307, he had many of the order's members in France arrested, tortured into giving false confessions, and burned at the stake. Rumours about the Templars' secret initiation ceremony created distrust, and King Philip IV of France вЂ“ deeply in debt to the order вЂ“ took advantage of this distrust to destroy them and erase his debt. Non-combatant members of the order, who formed as much as 90% of the order's members, managed a large economic infrastructure throughout Christendom, developing innovative financial techniques that were an early form of banking, building its own network of nearly 1,000 commanderies and fortifications across Europe and the Holy Land, and arguably forming the world's first multinational corporation.The Templars were closely tied to the Crusades when the Holy Land was lost, support for the order faded. Templar knights, in their distinctive white mantles with a red cross, were among the most skilled fighting units of the Crusades. They were prominent in Christian finance. The order was founded in 1119 and was active until 1312 when it was perpetually suppressed by Pope Clement V by the bull Vox in excelso.The Templars became a favoured charity throughout Christendom and grew rapidly in membership and power.

#Vile vortices snopes series#

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Western Christian military order medieval Catholic military orderFor other uses, see Knights Templar (disambiguation) and Templar (disambiguation).Knights TemplarPoor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of SolomonPauperes commilitones Christi Templique Salomonici HierosolymitanisA Seal of the Knights TemplarActivec.вЂ‰1119В вЂ“ c.вЂ‰1312AllegianceThe PopeTypeCatholic military orderRoleProtection of Christian PilgrimsShock troopsSize15,000вЂ“20,000 members at peak, 10% of whom were knightsHeadquartersTemple Mount, Jerusalem, Kingdom of JerusalemNickname(s)Order of Solomon's TempleOrder of ChristPatronSaint Bernard of ClairvauxMotto(s)Non nobis, Domine, non nobis, sed Nomini tuo da gloriam(English: Not unto us, O Lord, not unto us, but unto thy Name give glory)AttireWhite mantle with a red crossMascot(s)Two knights riding a single horseEngagementsThe Crusades, including:Siege of Ascalon (1153)Battle of Montgisard (1177)Battle of Marj Ayyun (1179)Battle of Hattin (1187)Siege of Acre (1190вЂ“1191)Battle of Arsuf (1191)Siege of Al-DДЃmЕ«s (1210)Battle of Legnica (1241)Siege of Acre (1291)ReconquistaCommandersFirst Grand MasterHugues de PayensLast Grand MasterJacques de MolayPart of a series on theKnights TemplarPoor Fellow-Soldiers of Christand of the Temple of SolomonOverviewHistoryLatin RuleSealGrand MastersMembersTrials and dissolutionPapal bullsOmne datum optimum (1139)Milites Templi (1144)Militia Dei (1145)Pastoralis praeeminentiae (1307)Faciens misericordiam (1308)Ad providam (1312)Vox in excelso (1312)LocationsFranceEnglandScotlandSpainPortugalSuccessorsSovereign Military Order of MaltaOrder of ChristSupreme Order of ChristOrder of MontesaCultural referencesIn the IOGTIn self-styled ordersIn FreemasonryIn popular cultureSee alsoMilitary order (monastic society)Category:Catholic chivalric orders Catholicism portal Christianity portalvteThe Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon (Latin: Pauperes commilitones Christi Templique Salomonici), also known as the Order of Solomon's Temple, the Knights Templar or simply the Templars, were a Catholic military order recognised in 1139 by the papal bull Omne datum optimum.